…argument rests on an univocation. I really don't have the time to discuss this topic to the length that it deserves so I'm just going to have to drop this. If you want further reading, you can try the Categories by Aristotle.
……世界，想啃透这些伟大思想家的著作可能挺难的。切入维特根斯坦的一个合理方法是，先读一本大学水平的形而上学导论书打牢基础，了解亚里士多德和柏拉图的“范畴”与“理念型/形式”（Categories and Forms）。一些现代哲学家写的东西能很好地带我们入门（比如芝加哥大学的 Michael Loux，他的导论性著作或者其他人的书）。现代的可能……
…world it can be hard cut through the work of its great thinkers. A sensible way to approach Wittgenstein is to start with a college level introductory book on Metaphysics to get the foundational ideas, Categories and Forms of Aristotle and Plato. Some modern philosopher writers can walk us through this nicely (Michale Loux from U of Chicago, his introductory writings or some other perhaps). What might be modern…
…(related to economic value) is based on relations as well -- to the producer or creator of an item or service, as well as the user or owner's use value. And these are not generally intrinsic. Aristotle's Categories are a good starting point for considering relations, even now.
…everything I'm saying. Sixth century authors, five centuries with almost nothing, then a return. Even the sixth century mentions they were unfamiliar with Aristotle's actual works, except maybe reading "Categories," the only work I can find Photius or Aretha's commenting on. And it mentions repeatedly that Plato had dominance, even saying Aristotlean views were near heresy at times.
加缪的《局外人》。让-保罗·萨特的《恶心》。马基雅维利的《君主论》。亚里士多德的《范畴篇》。
The Stranger by Camus. Nausea by Jean-Paul Sartre. The Prince by Machiavelli. Categories by Aristotle.
……论点建立在概念混淆（univocation）之上。我真没时间把这个话题展开聊到它应有的深度，所以只能先打住了。如果你想进一步阅读，可以看看亚里士多德的《范畴篇》。
…argument rests on an univocation. I really don't have the time to discuss this topic to the length that it deserves so I'm just going to have to drop this. If you want further reading, you can try the Categories by Aristotle.
……世界，想啃透这些伟大思想家的著作可能挺难的。切入维特根斯坦的一个合理方法是，先读一本大学水平的形而上学导论书打牢基础，了解亚里士多德和柏拉图的“范畴”与“理念型/形式”（Categories and Forms）。一些现代哲学家写的东西能很好地带我们入门（比如芝加哥大学的 Michael Loux，他的导论性著作或者其他人的书）。现代的可能……
…world it can be hard cut through the work of its great thinkers. A sensible way to approach Wittgenstein is to start with a college level introductory book on Metaphysics to get the foundational ideas, Categories and Forms of Aristotle and Plato. Some modern philosopher writers can walk us through this nicely (Michale Loux from U of Chicago, his introductory writings or some other perhaps). What might be modern…
……（与经济价值相关）同样也是基于关系的——关系到某件物品或服务的生产者/创造者，以及使用者或所有者的使用价值。而这些通常并不是内在固有的。即便在今天，亚里士多德的《范畴篇》也是思考关系的绝佳切入点。
…(related to economic value) is based on relations as well -- to the producer or creator of an item or service, as well as the user or owner's use value. And these are not generally intrinsic. Aristotle's Categories are a good starting point for considering relations, even now.
我建议从《工具论》里的《范畴篇》开始看：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_(Aristotle)
I would recommend starting with Categories from Organon: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categories_(Aristotle)
……我说的每一句话。公元六世纪的作家，接着是近五个世纪的一片空白，然后才重新复兴。甚至六世纪的文献也提到他们并不熟悉亚里士多德的原作，顶多读过《范畴篇》——这是我能找到佛提乌（Photius）或阿雷塔斯（Arethas）评注过的唯一一部作品。而且文献反复提到柏拉图占据了统治地位，甚至说亚里士多德的观点在当时一度近乎异端。
…everything I'm saying. Sixth century authors, five centuries with almost nothing, then a return. Even the sixth century mentions they were unfamiliar with Aristotle's actual works, except maybe reading "Categories," the only work I can find Photius or Aretha's commenting on. And it mentions repeatedly that Plato had dominance, even saying Aristotlean views were near heresy at times.