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News from nowhere
Edward Jay Epstein · 初版 1973 年
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“在越来越多的美国公众依赖电视而非其他任何媒体获取新闻的时代，Edward Jay Epstein 对电视网新闻机构决策过程细致入微且发人深省的剖析已成为经典之作。Epstein 先生展示了企业内部政策和预算需求如何塑造电视新闻报道的导向。他指出，我们在电视网晚间新闻中所看到的画面并不能反映真实情况，因为电视新闻的本质目的不在于传达信息，而在于唤起观众的兴奋感，吸引他们‘继续收看’。”——书封介绍。
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……扳倒了美国总统。尽管如此，斯通还是指出了美国媒体生态的诸多缺陷，其中大部分自那时起愈演愈烈：<https://yewtu.be/watch?v=qV3gO3zxQ1g>。爱德华·杰伊·爱泼斯坦的《News from Nowhere: Television and the News》（1973）也对电视新闻及其构成方式提供了深刻洞见。同样，技术虽然进步了，但许多根本问题，尤其是围绕受众的……
…brought down the President of the United States. Still, Stone saw many faults in the US media landscape, most of which have grown since then: <https://yewtu.be/watch?v=qV3gO3zxQ1g> Edward Jay Epstein's News from Nowhere: Television and the News (1973) also affords strong insights to video news and how it is constituted. Again, technology has progressed but many of the fundamental issues, particularly around audience…
……都归因于类似的动态。而且到那时，记者们可能早就找好了他们的叙事基调。________________________________ 附注：1. 详细探讨这方面的一本好书是爱德华·杰伊·爱泼斯坦的《News from Nowhere》。它探讨了1974年前后电视新闻的制作过程，不过其中的很多新闻学要素同样适用于其他媒体（包括互联网上的音频和视频）。<https://archive.org/details/newsfromnowheret00epst>……
…will be due to similar dynamics. And journalists will likely have found their narrative by that point. ________________________________ Notes: 1. A great book detailing this is Edward Jay Epstein's News from Nowhere. It discusses the production of television news circa 1974, though much of the journalistic element applies to other media as well (including voice and video over the Internet). <https://archive.org/details/newsfromnowheret00epst>…
……本·H·巴格迪基安的《The Media Monopoly》（在著名的谷歌“Backrub”论文中被引用过，http://infolab.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html）、尼尔·波兹曼的《娱乐至死》，以及爱德华·杰伊·爱泼斯坦的《News from Nowhere》（https://archive.org/details/newsfromnowheret00epst）。最后一本考察了截至1971年的电视新闻，包括通过叙事侧重、预算限制而内置在该媒介中的诸多偏见，以及……
…Ben H. Bagdikian, The Media Monopoly (cited in the famouse Google "Backrub" paper (http://infolab.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html), Neil Postman's Amusing Ourself to Death, and Edward Jay Espstein, News from Nowhere (https://archive.org/details/newsfromnowheret00epst). The last looks at television news as of 1971, including the numerous biases built in to the medium through narrative focus, budget constraints, and…
截至1970年代初，广播电视新闻网会常规性地重复使用视频素材，内部根本没有资料库或调研服务。爱德华·杰伊·爱泼斯坦在《News from Nowhere》（1973）中提到了这点。https://archive.org/details/newsfromnowheret00epst/page/n5/m... 早期的娱乐节目往往也不会被保存下来。如今留存的一些档案，纯粹是因为当年有观众“盗录”了……
As of the early 1970s, broadcast TV news networks routinely recycled video footage and had no in-house library or research services. Addressed in Edward Jay Epstein's News from Nowhere (1973). https://archive.org/details/newsfromnowheret00epst/page/n5/m... Early entertainment programming was also often not saved. Some present archives exist soley because audience members "pirated"…
……来源有限，尤其是通讯社（美联社、合众国际社、路透社、法新社）。长期以来，电视新闻一直依赖报纸和通讯社的报道来确立某一天的报道重点（参见爱德华·杰伊·爱泼斯坦的《News from Nowhere》）。互联网传播带来的改变，倒不在于凭空造就了大量新闻源（这些信源在独立挖掘新闻或信源调查方面其实未见得有多少建树），而在于它撕裂了原本确定的……
…limited number of sources, notably news wires (AP, UPI, Reuters, AFP). Television news long relied on newspaper and newswire coverage to shape news priorities for a given day (see Edward Jay Epstein's News from Nowhere). One thing Internet distribution does isn't so much to create a large number of news sources (which may or may not have much by way of independent story discovery or sourcing) as to tear up a given…
我们之前在为 Standard Ebooks 制作一个版本的《News from Nowhere》，可惜一直没能完工。但在制作过程中，我们找到了莫里斯自己当年的第一版扫描件，那可真是一件美轮美奂的艺术品：https://archive.org/details/Newsfromnowhere00MorrA/page/6/mo...…
We were working on an edition of News from Nowhere for Standard Ebooks, which unfortunately never saw completion. But in the process we found scans of Morris's own first edition, which is truly an artifact of beauty: https://archive.org/details/Newsfromnowhere00MorrA/page/6/mo...…