…给最高出价者。举个例子：如果铜价上涨，有些人——那些能找到替代方案的人——就会转用替代品，从而让铜流向最有价值的用途。如果感兴趣，我推荐路德维希·冯·米塞斯的《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》（社会主义联邦的经济计算）[http://mises.org/econcalc.asp]。弗里德里希·哈耶克的《Competition as a Discovery Procedure》（作为发现程序的竞争）也很不错[http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae5_3_3.pdf]
…it to the highest bidder. Ex: If copper prices go up, some people - those who can - will substitute away from it, thus allowing the copper to go to it's most valued use. If interested, I recommend 'Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth' by Ludvig Von Mises [http://mises.org/econcalc.asp] Also good is Friedrich Hayek's 'Competition as a Discovery Procedure' [http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae5_3_3.pdf]
这篇写于 1920 年代的短文阐明了在社会主义国家中试图进行经济计算的根本缺陷：《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》（社会主义联邦的经济计算）：http://mises.org/econcalc.asp
This short essay from the 1920's lays out the fundamental flaws of trying to do economic calculations in the socialist state: Economic Calculation In The Socialist Commonwealth: http://mises.org/econcalc.asp
…也许是有史以来最强大的信息系统，因为它让全世界素未谋面的人能够以互利的方式协调彼此的行为。快速读物推荐《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》（http://mises.org/econcalc.asp），它生动展示了如何运用经济学思想来预测不同系统的结果，但请注意，它并没有断言“10 年后一定会发生某事”。
…perhaps the most powerful information system ever invented since it allows people all over the world who have never met and to coordinate their behavior in mutual beneficial ways. A quick easy read is Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth (http://mises.org/econcalc.asp) is a clear example of how economic thought can be applied to predict outcomes of various systems, but notice it doesn't say in 10 years X will happen.
事实上你错了，社会主义绝不可能行得通，因为它缺乏合理的价格信号。有一篇极棒的论文详细阐述了这个问题：30 年代的《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》。而且，混合计划体制非常难以维持，因为最终一方会剥削另一方。博弈论固然很棒，但大多数时候我认为它……
In fact you are wrong socialism can never work because it doesn't have proper price signals. There's an excellent paper: Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth that details this problem from the 30s. Also, it is very hard to have a mixed plan because eventually one will exploit the other. Game theory is great and all, but most of the time I don't think it…
…做出了一个不可能成立的假设，即所有人都是真心为同胞争取最大利益的圣人。奥地利学派经济学家路德维希·冯·米塞斯在 1920 年写过一篇题为《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》的文章，提出如果没有市场定价，理性的经济计算就是不可能的。举个例子：假设你在某座虚构的城市里有一块地要开发，想做……
…make the impossible assumption that all humans are saints who are genuinely seeking the best possible outcome for their fellow man. The Austrian economist Ludwig Von Mises wrote an essay in 1920 called "Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth" which made the argument that without market pricing, rational economic calculation is impossible. To give an example: say that you had a plot of land to develop in a hypothetical city and wanted to do…
反对社会主义的更精妙的论点是很难浓缩成简短口号的。最初写于 1920 年代且最经得起时间考验的一篇是《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》[1]。这引发了贯穿整个 20 世纪的“社会主义计算大论战”[2]。随着共产主义的崩溃以及邓……这辩论基本就盖棺定论倒向了反对中央计划者这一方。
The subtler arguments against socialism are not amenable to sound bites. The one that was initially penned in the 1920s and has stood the test of time the best is "Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth"[1]. This kicked off the Socialist calculation debate[2] which was on-going during the 20th century. It was largely settled in favor of the anti-central planners with the collapse of communism and Deng…
…给最高出价者。举个例子：如果铜价上涨，有些人——那些能找到替代方案的人——就会转用替代品，从而让铜流向最有价值的用途。如果感兴趣，我推荐路德维希·冯·米塞斯的《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》（社会主义联邦的经济计算）[http://mises.org/econcalc.asp]。弗里德里希·哈耶克的《Competition as a Discovery Procedure》（作为发现程序的竞争）也很不错[http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae5_3_3.pdf]
…it to the highest bidder. Ex: If copper prices go up, some people - those who can - will substitute away from it, thus allowing the copper to go to it's most valued use. If interested, I recommend 'Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth' by Ludvig Von Mises [http://mises.org/econcalc.asp] Also good is Friedrich Hayek's 'Competition as a Discovery Procedure' [http://mises.org/journals/qjae/pdf/qjae5_3_3.pdf]
这篇写于 1920 年代的短文阐明了在社会主义国家中试图进行经济计算的根本缺陷：《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》（社会主义联邦的经济计算）：http://mises.org/econcalc.asp
This short essay from the 1920's lays out the fundamental flaws of trying to do economic calculations in the socialist state: Economic Calculation In The Socialist Commonwealth: http://mises.org/econcalc.asp
…也许是有史以来最强大的信息系统，因为它让全世界素未谋面的人能够以互利的方式协调彼此的行为。快速读物推荐《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》（http://mises.org/econcalc.asp），它生动展示了如何运用经济学思想来预测不同系统的结果，但请注意，它并没有断言“10 年后一定会发生某事”。
…perhaps the most powerful information system ever invented since it allows people all over the world who have never met and to coordinate their behavior in mutual beneficial ways. A quick easy read is Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth (http://mises.org/econcalc.asp) is a clear example of how economic thought can be applied to predict outcomes of various systems, but notice it doesn't say in 10 years X will happen.
事实上你错了，社会主义绝不可能行得通，因为它缺乏合理的价格信号。有一篇极棒的论文详细阐述了这个问题：30 年代的《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》。而且，混合计划体制非常难以维持，因为最终一方会剥削另一方。博弈论固然很棒，但大多数时候我认为它……
In fact you are wrong socialism can never work because it doesn't have proper price signals. There's an excellent paper: Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth that details this problem from the 30s. Also, it is very hard to have a mixed plan because eventually one will exploit the other. Game theory is great and all, but most of the time I don't think it…
…做出了一个不可能成立的假设，即所有人都是真心为同胞争取最大利益的圣人。奥地利学派经济学家路德维希·冯·米塞斯在 1920 年写过一篇题为《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》的文章，提出如果没有市场定价，理性的经济计算就是不可能的。举个例子：假设你在某座虚构的城市里有一块地要开发，想做……
…make the impossible assumption that all humans are saints who are genuinely seeking the best possible outcome for their fellow man. The Austrian economist Ludwig Von Mises wrote an essay in 1920 called "Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth" which made the argument that without market pricing, rational economic calculation is impossible. To give an example: say that you had a plot of land to develop in a hypothetical city and wanted to do…
反对社会主义的更精妙的论点是很难浓缩成简短口号的。最初写于 1920 年代且最经得起时间考验的一篇是《Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth》[1]。这引发了贯穿整个 20 世纪的“社会主义计算大论战”[2]。随着共产主义的崩溃以及邓……这辩论基本就盖棺定论倒向了反对中央计划者这一方。
The subtler arguments against socialism are not amenable to sound bites. The one that was initially penned in the 1920s and has stood the test of time the best is "Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth"[1]. This kicked off the Socialist calculation debate[2] which was on-going during the 20th century. It was largely settled in favor of the anti-central planners with the collapse of communism and Deng…