语言与心智
Language and mind
Noam Chomsky · 初版 1968 年
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这是 Chomsky 关于语言与心智的经典论文集久违的第三版。最初出版于20世纪60年代的前六章，曾对语言学理论做出了开创性的卓越贡献。此新版在此基础上增补了一章和一篇新序言，将 Chomsky 影响深远的研究范式带入了21世纪。第1至6章展示了 Chomsky 的早期学术成果，将语言的本质与习得阐释为一种遗传赋予的生物系统（Universal Grammar），人类正是通过其规则与原则获得了一套内化的认知
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这个书单很棒。我会加上侯世达（Hofstadter）的《Analogy as the fuel and fire of thinking》和乔姆斯基（Chomsky）的《语言与心智研究的新视野》（New horizons in the study of language and mind）。它们证明了语言结构是意识的基础。
this is a great list. I would add Hofstadter's Analogy as the fuel and fire of thinking and Chomsky's New horizons in the study of language and mind. they show that language structures are fundamental to consciousness.
我最推荐的好书有： — Pedro Domingos 的《主算法》（The Master Algorithm） — Judea Pearl 的《为什么》（The Book of Why） — Hubert L. Dreyfus 的《计算机仍旧不能做什么》（What Computers Still Can't Do） — Marvin Minsky 的《心智社会》（Society of Mind）与《情感机器》（The Emotion Machine） — Antonio Damasio 的《感受发生的一切》（The Feeling Of What Happens） — Noam Chomsky 的《语言与心智》（Language & Mind） — Caltech 的“从数据中学习”（Learning From Data）远程课程也是个很棒的 mooc：https://work.c
The best books I would recommend are; — The Master Algorithm by Pedro Domingos — The Book of Why by Judea Pearl — What Computers Still Can't Do by Hubert L. Dreyfus — Society of Mind & The Emotion Machine by Marvin Minsky — The Feeling Of What Happens by Antonio Damasio — Language & Mind by Noam Chomsky — A great mooc is also, the "Learning From Data" Telecourse from Caltech https://work.c
是他后期的一些作品。他写过一本叫《语言与心智研究的新视野》（New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind）的书，相当平易近人，也涵盖了一些历史脉络，包括“语言从何而来”这一必要的理论基石。他自己的研究本身对语言如何演变并不太感兴趣。……
Some of the latter work. He had a book called New Horizons in the Study of Language and Mind, which is fairly accesible and also covers some historical work, including the necessary underpinning of "where did language come from". His work itself isn't as interested in the way languages evolve.…
……关于历史或社会事实的任何东西。关于语言习得中的这些因素，我什么都不打算提。原因是我认为它们相对来说并不重要。——乔姆斯基（1998），《语言与心智：当下的思考与古老的问题》（Language and Mind: Current Thoughts and Ancient Problems）
…anything about historical or social facts. And I am going to say nothing about these elements in language acquisition. The reason is that I think they are relatively unimportant. -- Chomsky, N. (1998), Language and Mind: Current Thoughts and Ancient Problems
……并在一类封闭领域内结合数学方法，而不是提出颠覆性的全新方法——但这对于日常理解创造力并没有帮助。个人拙见 :) 用他在《语言与心智》（Language and Mind）里的话说：“大致而言，当我们面对认知结构时，无论是在知识与信念的成熟状态还是初始状态，我们面对的是问题（problems），而不是谜团（mysteries）。而当我们探究人类如何运用……
…and combine mathematical approaches within a sort of closed domain rather than propose radically new ones - but it’s not helpful for an everyday understanding of creativity. IMO :) In his words, from Language and Mind: "Roughly, where we deal with cognitive structures, either in a mature state of knowledge and belief or in the initial state, we face problems, but not mysteries. When we ask how humans make use of…