文化战争？两极化美国的迷思
Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America
Morris P. Fiorina · 初版 2004 年
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摘自Goodreads：“作为Great Questions in Politics系列的一部，Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America将民调数据与引人入胜的叙事相结合，打破了关于美国政治普遍存在的迷思——尤其是所谓美国人在基本政治观点上严重极化的说法。Culture War?的第二版增设了全新章节，揭示了2004年的选举如何进一步强化了本书的核心论点，即当下的美国人并不比过去更分裂。此外，全书内容均已全面更新，以体现来自……的最新数据。”
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能对这点得到每一次证实都是好事，但“极化神话”早就为人所知了——莫里斯·费奥里纳（Morris Fiorina）在2011年的著作《Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America》中对此做了最好的阐述。压倒性的证据表明，归根结底，人们在政治和议题上的观点绝大多数呈钟形曲线分布。问题在于这条钟形曲线被生硬地划分为不同类别。美国……
It's good to get every bit of confirmation we can of this, but the "myth of polarization" has been known for a long time -- best described in Morris Fiorina's 2011 book Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America. There is overwhelming evidence that at the end of the day, people's political and issue views are overwhelmingly bell curve-shaped. The issue is that the bell curve gets split into categories. American…
政治学家莫里斯·费奥里纳是你最该入手的切入点。他的书《Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America》提供了极佳的概述，且数据详实。其核心发现恰恰在于：当你测量不当的时候，人们看起来才会极化；但如果你用更完善的调查深入探究他们细微复杂的观点……
The political scientist Morris Fiorina is who you want to start with. His book "Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America" provides a great overview with lots of data. A central finding is precisely that people appear polarized when you measure badly, but when you really delve into their nuanced beliefs with better surveys…
……（不管是好是坏……）有两个明确的重心，那你就要开心了！:) 因为大家普遍这么认为，但实际上根本不是那么回事。莫里斯·P·费奥里纳整整写了一本书来谈这个，叫《Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America》。其核心结论大体是：如果你问大家非黑即白的 yes/no 问题（或者二元对立的左右投票），人群看起来就是分裂的、双峰分布的。但只要你给出一个滑动标尺……
…lot about (for better or worse...) have two clear centers of gravity, We'll you'll be happy then! :) Because this is commonly believed but actually totally untrue. There's an entire book about it, "Culture War? The Myth of a Polarized America" by Morris P. Fiorina. The upshot is basically that if you ask people binary yes/no questions (or binary left/right votes), the population appears divided, bimodal. But whenever you give a sliding scale…
……(2012). “The Big Sort” That Wasn’t: A Skeptical Reexamination. PS: Political Science & Politics, 45(2), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096512000017 Fiorina, M., Abrams, S., & Pope, J. (2004). Culture War?: The Myth of a Polarized America. Undefined. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Culture-War%3A-The-Myt... Fletcher, R., Cornia, A., & Nielsen, R. K. (2020). How Polarized Are Online and Offline News Audiences? A Comparative Analysis…
…(2012). “The Big Sort” That Wasn’t: A Skeptical Reexamination. PS: Political Science & Politics, 45(2), 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096512000017 Fiorina, M., Abrams, S., & Pope, J. (2004). Culture War?: The Myth of a Polarized America. Undefined. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Culture-War%3A-The-Myt... Fletcher, R., Cornia, A., & Nielsen, R. K. (2020). How Polarized Are Online and Offline News Audiences? A Comparative Analysis…