怎样解题
How to solve it
George Pólya · 初版 1945 年
161人推荐
206位读者提及
256次提及
为什么值得读
- 从宏观视角梳理通用的解题思考过程
- 培养主动质疑与检验错误假定的本能
- 帮助计算机等领域学习者理清思考路径
作为著名数学家 G. Polya 的长销经典，How to Solve It 将向各个领域的读者展示如何清晰地思考。Polya 以清晰透彻且引人入胜的文笔，揭示了推导证明或寻找未知数的数学方法如何帮助攻克任何可以通过“推理”解决的问题——无论是建造桥梁还是在字谜游戏中取胜。一代又一代的读者都对 Polya 剥离无关细枝末节、直击问题核心的娴熟乃至精妙的指导赞叹不已。
Hacker News 上怎么说
正在加载完整评论……
……计算机科学的核心思想（Brooks 的《人月神话：没有银弹》、瀑布模型中阶段转移带来的 10 倍成本、如何面对和管理失败等），它会教学生如何思考问题（波利亚的《怎样解题》、诺曼的《设计心理学》），并且提供历史/文化背景（《编程人生》、《新机器的灵魂》）。当然，计算机专业的学生肯定得学编程。但边际收益递减……
…ideas within CS (Brooks' No Silver Bullet, The 10x cost incurred when moving from stage to stage in waterfall, how to treat and manage failure, etc.), it'd teach students how to think about problems (How To Solve It by Polya, The Design Of Everyday Things), and it'd provide history/culture (Coders At Work, Soul of A New Machine). One should, of course, learn how to program in a CS major. But there's diminishing returns…
……学习 - Bishop 《Java 语言规范》 - Gosling, Joy, Steele 《Learning Python》 - Lutz & Ascher 《Programming Erlang》 - Armstrong 《Programming Ruby》 - Thomas, Fowler, Hunt 《微积分》 - Spivak 《怎样解题》 - 波利亚 《4.4 FreeBSD 操作系统的设计与实现》 - McKusick, Bostic, Karels, Quarterman 《Unix 操作系统设计》 - Bach 《Unix 编程环境》 - Kernighan……
…Learning - Bishop The Java Language Specification - Gosling, Joy, Steele Learning Python - Lutz & Ascher Programming Erlang - Armstrong Programming Ruby - Thomas, Fowler, Hunt Calculus - Spivak How to Solve It - Polya The Design and Implementation of the 4.4 FreeBSD Operating System - McKusick, Bostic, Karels, Quarterman The Design of the Unix Operating System - Bach The Unix Programming Environment - Kernighan,…
……从通用角度（跳出某个具体的解题领域）来分析解决问题的过程。有人能推荐一些不落俗套的关于解决问题的书籍/文章吗？波利亚的《怎样解题》和保罗·齐茨的《思维的乐趣：解题艺术与技巧》都很棒。这个主题还有其他值得一读的资源吗？
…analyze the problem solving process from a general point of view (outside of some problem solving domain). Does anyone have any non-orthodox suggestions for books/essays on problem solving? Polya's "How to Solve It" and Paul Zeitz's "Art and Craft of Problem Solving" are both great. Are there other resources on this topic that are worth reading?
……到处找文档。许多大问题往往始于错误的假设。无论你是什么岗位，拥有主动去验证假设的直觉并知道该怎么做，都能避免大量的徒劳无功。波利亚的《怎样解题》出于类似的原因也值得一提。
…looking for documentation. A lot of big problems start as false assumptions. Having the instinct to think to test them and knowing how to will prevent a lot of wasted effort, regardless of your role. How to Solve It by Polya also gets an honorable mention for similar reasons.
……小心、整洁地整理好，在第一页写上日期和标题，在纸张左上角订个订书钉，然后扔到一摞材料上，继续往前推，或许能在已有的基础上继续构建。还有波利亚的《怎样解题》。刚拿了阿贝尔奖的安德鲁·怀尔斯——就是证明了费马大定理的那位——曾说过：“也许我能把搞数学的体验最好地形容为走进一间黑暗的宅子。你走进去……
…up, carefully, cleanly, put a date and title on the first page, put a staple in the UL corner of the sheets, and toss it on a stack, continue on, maybe building on what you have. There is also Polya, How to Solve It. From A. Wiles, the guy who solved Fermat's last theorem and just won the Abel Prize, is "Perhaps I could best describe my experience of doing mathematics in terms of entering a dark mansion. You go…
……思考，甚至能给我们的工作 debug。如果你的班级也践行思维常规（thinking routines），大家相互学习和理解起来会更加容易。我推荐以下几本书：- 波利亚，《怎样解题》- 维勒曼，《怎样证明：结构化方法》- 里奇哈特，《让思维清晰可见》数学工作基本上就是一系列等价变换和逻辑推理，始于……
…thinking and even be able to debug our work. If your class also applies thinking routines, it’ll get even easier for everyone to learn and understand each other. I recommend the following books: - Polya, How to Solve It - Velleman, How to Prove It: A Structured Approach - Ritchhart: Make Thinking Visible Mathematical work is basically a series of equivalent transformations and logical reasonings, starting from the…