概率方法
The probabilistic method
Noga Alon、Joel H. Spencer · 初版 1992 年
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组合数学中概率方法的权威参考著作——现已全面扩展与更新。1991年首次出版时，The Probabilistic Method 便迅速成为组合数学领域最强大、应用最广泛工具的标准参考书。在历经近十年依然无可匹敌之后，新版本助您跟进最新进展，同时增添了实用习题以及超过30%的新内容。全书继续强调该方法的基本要领，以极为清晰且通俗的文风，深入探讨了算法与经典方法以及各种
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Noga Alon 和 Joel H. Spencer 写的《The Probabilistic Method》。我上过一门概率方法的研讨课（seminar），导师推荐我读这本书。这本书是面向科学家的，它奠定了概率……的基础
The Probabilistic Method by Noga Alon and Joel H. Spencer. I took a seminar on the probabilistic method and my advisor recommended me to read this book. This book is for scientists. It lays out the foundation of the probabilistic…
……具有所需特性的对象的存在性。其中一些依赖于“一阶矩”（期望），这似乎就是你所指的。这些往往是比较简单的证明。关于这个主题一本好书是 Alon 和 Spencer 写的《The Probabilistic Method》。为了让你感受一下随机性到底能带来什么，看看最典型的随机图模型吧，它以概率 p 独立且均匀地选择一条边，该……
…existence of objects with desired properties. Some of them rely on the "first moment" (expectation) which seems to be what you are saying. These tend to be the simpler ones. A good book on the topic is The Probabilistic Method by Alon and Spencer. To give you some hint of what randomness can get you, look at the most typical random graph model, which for a probability p selects an edge uniformly and independently with that…
……最多，所以我大概会选那本，虽然我还没真正对照着读过。对于学离散数学的同学来说，在学完概率方法的基础之后（我认为 Alon 和 Spencer 的《Probabilistic Method》是开山之作级别的教材），你可以接着看概率算法方面的书，把学到的东西应用到计算机科学（CS）中（我确实上过这门课，不过我不敢保证哪本最好……
…the most, so I'd probably go with that, though I haven't really read them in parallel yet. For the discrete math students out there, after learning the basics of probablistic method (Alon, Spencer's Probabilistic Method being the seminal textbook, I think), you could continue with both some probabilistic algorithm book to apply what you've learned in CS (I did take a course in that, though, so I can't vouch for the best…