……Change McEvedy 的《Penguin Atlases of Ancient and Medieval History》 Laslett 的《The World We Have Lost》 Bernal 的《The Extension of Man》 富兰克林的《自传》 Girouard 的《Life in the English Country House》 皮朗的《Mohammed and Charlemagne》 朗西曼的《The Fall of Constantinople》 奇波拉的《Guns, Sails and Empires》 哈达斯的《A History of Rome》 奥曼的《The Art of War in the Middle Ages》 瓦萨里的《艺苑名人传》 博维尔的《The Golden Trade of the Moors》 恺撒，……
…Change McEvedy, Penguin Atlases of Ancient and Medieval History Laslett, The World We Have Lost Bernal, The Extension of Man Franklin, Autobiography Girouard, Life in the English Country House Pirenne, Mohammed and Charlemagne Runciman, The Fall of Constantinople Cipolla, Guns, Sails and Empires Hadas, A History of Rome Oman, The Art of War in the Middle Ages Vasari, Lives of the Artists Bovill, The Golden Trade of the Moors Caesar,…
……知道他们自称为 Rhōmaîoi）。回到希拉克略统治时期，一旦阿拉伯人登场，局面就完全、彻底变了。我知道现在人们喜欢吐槽皮朗的《Mohammed and Charlemagne》，喷他非要强调阿拉伯人在历史舞台上的出现导致了地中海大部分贸易的中断甚至彻底摧毁，但他在本质上是对的，尤其是当……
…know they were calling themselves the Rhōmaîoi). Back to Heraclius's reign, once the Arabs came on the scene things were totally, totally different. I know people now like to diss on Pirenne for his Mohammed and Charlemagne and for how he insisted on the disruption, in fact the total destruction, of most of Mediterranean trade caused by their advent on the historical scene, but he was, in essence, right, especially when…
在亨利·皮朗的《Mohammed and Charlemagne》一书中，整个地中海地区在罗马帝国崩溃后其实依然享有繁荣。经济是在穆斯林阿拉伯人……之后，地中海贸易减少才走下坡路的。
In "Mohammed and Charlemagne" by Henri Pirenne, the whole Mediterranean region after collapse of the Roman empire still enjoyed prosperity. The economy went down after trades in Mediterranean sea decreased due to Muslim Arabs had…
……信件的内容，教会当时已经堕落到了何种境地。1. Jennifer O’Reilly, “The art of authority”，收录于 Thomas Charles-Edwards 编《After Rome》，第 141 页 2. 同上，第 142 页 3. 亨利·皮朗，“From Mohammed and Charlemagne”，收录于 A.F. Havighurst 编《The Pirenne Thesis: Analysis Criticism And Revision》，波士顿 1958 年版，共 109 页，第 38 页 4. 同上，第 39 页
…of the letter, such was the state of degeneration of the church. 1. Jennifer O’Reilly, “The art of authority”, in After Rome, Thomas Charles-Edwards ed., p. 141 2. Ibid, p. 142 3. Henri Pirenne, “From Mohammed and Charlemagne”, in The Pirenne Thesis: Analysis Criticism And Revision, A.F. Havighurst ed., Boston 1958, 109pp., p. 38 4. Ibid, p. 39
……Change McEvedy 的《Penguin Atlases of Ancient and Medieval History》 Laslett 的《The World We Have Lost》 Bernal 的《The Extension of Man》 富兰克林的《自传》 Girouard 的《Life in the English Country House》 皮朗的《Mohammed and Charlemagne》 朗西曼的《The Fall of Constantinople》 奇波拉的《Guns, Sails and Empires》 哈达斯的《A History of Rome》 奥曼的《The Art of War in the Middle Ages》 瓦萨里的《艺苑名人传》 博维尔的《The Golden Trade of the Moors》 恺撒，……
…Change McEvedy, Penguin Atlases of Ancient and Medieval History Laslett, The World We Have Lost Bernal, The Extension of Man Franklin, Autobiography Girouard, Life in the English Country House Pirenne, Mohammed and Charlemagne Runciman, The Fall of Constantinople Cipolla, Guns, Sails and Empires Hadas, A History of Rome Oman, The Art of War in the Middle Ages Vasari, Lives of the Artists Bovill, The Golden Trade of the Moors Caesar,…
……知道他们自称为 Rhōmaîoi）。回到希拉克略统治时期，一旦阿拉伯人登场，局面就完全、彻底变了。我知道现在人们喜欢吐槽皮朗的《Mohammed and Charlemagne》，喷他非要强调阿拉伯人在历史舞台上的出现导致了地中海大部分贸易的中断甚至彻底摧毁，但他在本质上是对的，尤其是当……
…know they were calling themselves the Rhōmaîoi). Back to Heraclius's reign, once the Arabs came on the scene things were totally, totally different. I know people now like to diss on Pirenne for his Mohammed and Charlemagne and for how he insisted on the disruption, in fact the total destruction, of most of Mediterranean trade caused by their advent on the historical scene, but he was, in essence, right, especially when…
在亨利·皮朗的《Mohammed and Charlemagne》一书中，整个地中海地区在罗马帝国崩溃后其实依然享有繁荣。经济是在穆斯林阿拉伯人……之后，地中海贸易减少才走下坡路的。
In "Mohammed and Charlemagne" by Henri Pirenne, the whole Mediterranean region after collapse of the Roman empire still enjoyed prosperity. The economy went down after trades in Mediterranean sea decreased due to Muslim Arabs had…
……信件的内容，教会当时已经堕落到了何种境地。1. Jennifer O’Reilly, “The art of authority”，收录于 Thomas Charles-Edwards 编《After Rome》，第 141 页 2. 同上，第 142 页 3. 亨利·皮朗，“From Mohammed and Charlemagne”，收录于 A.F. Havighurst 编《The Pirenne Thesis: Analysis Criticism And Revision》，波士顿 1958 年版，共 109 页，第 38 页 4. 同上，第 39 页
…of the letter, such was the state of degeneration of the church. 1. Jennifer O’Reilly, “The art of authority”, in After Rome, Thomas Charles-Edwards ed., p. 141 2. Ibid, p. 142 3. Henri Pirenne, “From Mohammed and Charlemagne”, in The Pirenne Thesis: Analysis Criticism And Revision, A.F. Havighurst ed., Boston 1958, 109pp., p. 38 4. Ibid, p. 39