欧洲人发现美洲
The European Discovery of America
Samuel Eliot Morison · 初版 1971 年
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本书详细记录了伟大的欧洲大航海时代，描述了1600年以前所有已知的穿越北大西洋前往新大陆的航行，以及那些无畏的水手和派遣他们的探险家们。书中涵盖的伟大探险家名录包括：Leif Ericsson、John Cabot、Verrazzano、Gomez、Jacques Cartier、Martin Frobisher、John Davis、Sir Walter Raleigh 及其近亲 Grenville 和 Gilbert，以及所有与他们同台竞争的同行者。本书还探讨了早期旅行者所记载的幻想国度（例如 Antilia 和 Seven 等神话之地
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在 Samuel Eliot Morison 的《The European Discovery of America》里，前面有一章专门讲“幽灵岛与虚假航行”（Flyaway Islands and False Voyages）。他提到，即使常规航线已经直接路过甚至“穿过”了这些岛屿所在的位置，其中一些岛居然还在海图上保留了那么久。当然了，航海……
In Samuel Eliot Morison's _The European Discovery of America_, he has an early chapter on "Flyaway Islands and False Voyages". He remarks on how long some of these lasted on the charts, after regular shipping routes went past or "over" them. Of course, navigation…
我昨天在 S.E. Morison 的《The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages》里注意到，一位英国商人写给哥伦布的信中提到了一本探险书（显然主要面向极北地区），名为《Inventio Fortunata》（或 Fortunae）。在……
I noticed yesterday in S.E. Morison's The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, a mention of a book of exploration (mostly toward the far north, apparently), Inventio Furtunata (or Fortunae), mentioned in a letter to Columbus from an English merchant. At the…
……在他对卡蒂埃探险的记述中，收录于《Pioneers of France in the New World》。我提这个是因为帕克曼的历史著作虽然略显辞藻过剩，但还是相当好读的。我发现 Samuel Eliot Morison 在《The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages》中，反而把它追溯至 caignedatze，这是一个易洛魁语词汇，指红铜或除了黄金以外的任何金属。
…in his account of Cartier's explorations, in Pioneers of France in the New World. I mention this because Parkman's histories are quite readable, if overwritten. I find that Samuel Eliot Morison's The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, instead derives it from caignedatze, an Iroquoian word for red copper, or any metal other than gold.
……1969 年 5 月我在哥本哈根请教过的冰岛学者，没有一个认为《文兰地图》（Vinland Map）是真的，尽管从民族情感和心理上他们完全有理由去相信它是真的。’——Samuel Eliot Morison，《The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages》，第三章“诺斯人与文兰”（The Norsemen and Vinland）注释。
…Icelandic scholars who I consulted at Copenhagen in May 1969 believes the Vinland Map to be genuine, although they have every national and sentimental reason to accept it as such.' Samuel Eliot Morison, The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, notes to Chapter III, "The Norsemen and Vinland".
……对查尔斯河沿岸考古遗迹的天马行空的解读。Samuel Eliot Morison 一针见血地指出：“在他的想象中，那个地区的每一条殖民时期的水沟或铺了石板的牛圈，都变成了诺斯人的遗迹。”（《European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages》，第 67 页）https://bostonraremaps.com/inventory/norumbega-and-vinland-o...
…fanciful interpretations of archeological remains along the Charles. Samuel Eliot Morison puts the point crisply: “In his imagination, every colonial ditch or paved cow-yard in that region became Norse.” (European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, p.67) https://bostonraremaps.com/inventory/norumbega-and-vinland-o...
一个挪威名人觉得哥伦布是斯堪的纳维亚人，这可太正常了！让我想起 Samuel Eliot Morison 在他关于欧洲发现美洲的书里用过的一个词——“斯堪的纳维亚痴迷症”（Scandinavery）。这跟 19 世纪末在美洲中西部发现的所谓“卢恩符文”一样离谱。在美国，各个族裔要么争着认领哥伦布，都快搞成一门产业链了……
Of course a famous Norwegian thinks Columbus is Scandinavian! I'm reminded of the phrase Samuel Eliot Morrison used in his books on the European Discovery of America-"Scandinavery". Its about as realistic as the "runes" discovered in the midwest in the late 19th century. There's a bit of a cottage industry in the US of various ethnic groups either claiming Columbus…