退出、呼吁与忠诚
Exit, voice, and loyalty
Albert Otto Hirschman · 初版 1970 年
16人推荐
48位读者提及
83次提及
为什么值得读
- 精辟阐述组织与国家面对衰退时的反馈机制
- 无需复杂数学模型即可建立敏锐的制度洞察
- 为大型机构缺乏有效反馈渠道的问题提供解法
一位在当代经济与政治发展思想领域的创新者，在此将目光投向了衰落而非增长。Albert O. Hirschman对商业公司应对恶化现象——以及普遍意义上面对组织不满——的两种替代途径作出了基本区分：其一是“退出”（exit），即成员脱离该组织或顾客转向竞争对手的产品；其二是“呼吁”（voice），即成员或顾客在“内部”鼓动并施加影响以促成变革。那种完全依赖退出的竞争机制的有效性，受到了质
Hacker News 上怎么说
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……意想不到的盟友。这里有个不错的书单可以起步：弗朗西斯·福山的《政治秩序的起源》第一卷；弗朗西斯·福山的《政治秩序与政治衰败》第二卷；詹姆斯·斯科特的《国家的视角》（Seeing Like a State）；阿尔伯特·赫希曼的《退出、呼吁与忠诚》（Exit, Voice and Loyalty）；迈克尔·休默的《政治权威的难题》（The Problem of Political Authority）；约瑟夫·泰恩特的《复杂社会的崩溃》（The Collapse of Complex Societies）。大多数时候，这些作者关注的是结果，而不是……
…unexpected allies. Here is a good start: Volume 1: The Origins of Political Order by Francis Fukuyama Volume 2: Political Order and Political Decay by Francis Fukuyama Seeing Like a State by James Scott Exit, Voice and Loyalty by Albert Hirschman The Problem of Political Authority by Michael Huemer The Collapse of Complex Societies by Joesph Tainter The majority of the time these authors are interested in outcomes, not in…
……需要一个更复杂的反馈系统。而且必须得有效。这长期以来一直是 Google（说句公道话，还有很多其他大公司）的阿喀琉斯之踵。关于这点，可以参考 A.O. 赫希曼的《退出、呼吁与忠诚：对企业、组织和国家衰退的反应》（Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states）。https://www.worldcat.org/title/exit-voice-and-loyalty-respon... 现代企业从其初衷和设计上来看，本身就是一个转嫁风险的……
…need a more complex feedback system. And it will have to be effective. This has long been an Achilles' heel of Google (and, to be fair, many other large corporations). On which, see A.O. Hirschman's Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states. https://www.worldcat.org/title/exit-voice-and-loyalty-respon... The fact that the modern corporation is, by its very intent and design, a risk-externalising…
《退出、呼吁与忠诚》（Exit, Voice, and Loyalty）：https://www.amazon.com/Exit-Voice-Loyalty-Responses-Organiza.... 能成为经典是有原因的。
Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: https://www.amazon.com/Exit-Voice-Loyalty-Responses-Organiza.... A classic for a reason.
你刚才描述的，正是我读过最有智慧的书之一的核心论点——阿尔伯特·O·赫希曼 1970 年的经典之作《退出、呼吁与忠诚》（Exit, Voice, and Loyalty）。https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit%2C_Voice%2C_and_Loyalty
You just described the thesis of one of the wisest books I've ever read, Albert O. Hirschman's 1970 classic "Exit, Voice, and Loyalty." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit%2C_Voice%2C_and_Loyalty
看看赫希曼的《退出、呼吁与忠诚》（Exit, Voice, and Loyalty），它从总体上概括了你所描述的这种政治现象。希望你能看到这条——你应该在个人资料里放个混淆过的邮箱地址。
Take a look at Hirschman's Exit, Voice, and Loyalty, which describes in general terms the political phenomenon you're describing. I hope you check this—you should put an obfuscated e-mail address in your profile.
就像癌症一样，我在 PayPal 那会儿，平庸、无能和对新想法（新产品等）的排斥在公司里普遍存在。要想让自己变得无足轻重，最简单的办法就是去挑战他们的确认偏误。换句话说，你想去解决问题，最后反而引火烧身，就像碰了政治里的“高压电轨”一样。 最明智的做法就是抽身离开，另辟天地，做给他们看到底该怎么搞。（参考
Like cancer, mediocrity, incompetence, and resistance to ideas (new products etc) was endemic at PayPal when I was there. The easiest way to become irrelevant was to challenge their confirmation bias. In other words, you try to fix it it blows over on you, Similar to the the third rail in politics. the smartest move will be to move out, create a different world, and show them how its done. (Refer