优绩主义的陷阱
The Meritocracy Trap
Daniel Markovits · 初版 2019 年
13人推荐
21位读者提及
30次提及
为什么值得读
- 指出精英大学择优录取并未真正促进机会均等
- 剖析优绩制取代贵族制后对精英与中产的双重消耗
- 揭示富人如何钻营绩点与课外活动来操纵规则
“凭借能力和努力获取优势，是美国人生活中的一条公理。即便这个国家在方方面面日趋分裂，meritocracy 的理想——即社会和经济回报应当基于个人成就而非出身门第——依然占据统治地位。民主党与共和党都不断重申这种概念。它直击我们身份认同的核心，支撑着美国梦。然而，如果在整个社会阶层的上上下下，meritocracy 都不过是一场骗局呢？如今，meritocracy 恰恰变成了它最初旨在抵制的东西：一种用于集中和世袭……”
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Daniel Markovits 写的《The Meritocracy Trap》（精英体制的陷阱）是关于这个话题的一本好书。它提出了一个极有力的论点：不幸的是，名校凭能力选拔（merit-based）的录取机制根本无法促进机会平等，因为……
The Meritocracy Trap by Daniel Markovits is a great book on this topic. It makes a great argument that, unfortunately, merit based admission to elite universities does nothing to increase equality of opportunity because…
……“人群中的贵族阶层；其基石乃是美德与才华”。最近有几本探讨这个话题的好书：- Michael Sandel 的《The Tyranny of Merit》（精英的傲慢）- Daniel Markovits 的《The Meritocracy Trap》（精英体制的陷阱）。这两本书都探讨了 20 世纪美国社会是如何把一种追求闲暇的……
…Aristocracy among men; the grounds of which are Virtue and Talents". There are a few great books written about this recently: - The Tyranny of Merit: What's Become of the Common Good? by Michael Sandel - The Meritocracy Trap: How America's Foundational Myth Feeds Inequality, Dismantles the Middle Class, and Devours the Elite by Daniel Markovits Both of these books examine how 20th century American society replaced a leisure-oriented…
在大数据时代、零工经济（gig economy）以及寡头把持美国经济和政治版图的背景下——下一个被宰的就是你。你应该读读 Daniel Markovits 写的《The Meritocracy Trap》：https://www.themeritocracytrap.com/ 作者本人就是耶鲁法学院教授，这本书大概一个月前刚出版。
In the age of big data, the gig economy, and oligrachs dominating the US economy and political sphere--you're next. You should read The Meritocracy Trap by Daniel Markovits: https://www.themeritocracytrap.com/ The author is actually a Yale Law Professor, and the book came out about a month ago.
如果你对社会阶层流动感兴趣，我强烈推荐最近出的这本《The Meritocracy Trap》[1]。作者是耶鲁法学院教授，他讲了在美国贵族体制是如何基本被精英体制（meritocracy）取代的，以及这对中产阶级和精英阶层分别造成了什么后果。他的核心结论是……
If you're interested in social mobility, I'd highly recommend the recent book The Meritocracy Trap. [1] The author, a Yale Law professor, talks about how aristocracy has been largely replaced by meritocracy in the US, and what the consequences are for both middle class and elites. His takeaway is…
……这条准则。要是能知道他们是谁倒挺有意思。我同意你的评论，富人家的小孩确实能刷 GPA、文书和课外活动经历。Daniel Markovits 在《The Meritocracy Trap》里讨论了其中的不少观点。既然在各种可选方案里，根本想不出怎么防止有人钻空子刷 GPA、文书或课外活动，你觉得考试在这方面可能还更公平点，倒大概率是对的。
…this guideline. It would be interesting to know who they are. I agree with your comment about rich kids gaming GPA, essays, and extracurriculars. Daniel Markovits addresses many of these points in "The Meritocracy Trap". Since I don't see how you can prevent gaming GPA, essays, or extracurriculars, given the alternatives, you're probably right that the tests may be better in this respect.
> 精英体制（meritocracy）在觉得它是个百分之百的好主意之前，你可能需要更仔细地审视一下这个概念。具体可以去看看 Markovits 写的《The Meritocracy Trap》这本书：* https://www.themeritocracytrap.com * https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/09/meritoc... * https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/10/24/20919030/...
> meritocracy You may wish to examine this concept more closely before thinking it is a completely good idea. Specifically see the book The meritocracy trap by Markovits: * https://www.themeritocracytrap.com * https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/09/meritoc... * https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/10/24/20919030/...