终结医学逆转
Ending medical reversal
Vinayak K. Prasad · 初版 2015 年
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医疗逆转是指医生在缺乏坚实证据基础的情况下开始使用某种药物、诊疗程序或诊断工具，随后在发现它对患者毫无帮助甚至造成伤害时又予以停用。作者讲述了来自医学各个领域的真实案例，探讨医疗逆转为何发生、其危害何在，以及如何避免这类情况。他们探究了能切实改善治疗的医学创新与那些仅表面看似有前景的创新之间的区别，并概述了一套全面改革医学教育、研究经费与方案以及相关流程的规划……
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……在“医疗逆转”（medical reversal）这方面，简直是一堆见不得人的黑历史。我发现这本书非常引人入胜，对于了解哪怕是近些年到底出了什么岔子极具启发性。https://www.amazon.com/Ending-Medical-Reversal-Improving-Out... 我希望有朝一日“将脂肪妖魔化”的做法也能被正式逆转。
…serious skeletons in the closet when it comes to medical reversals. I’ve found this book to be fascinating and super enlightening about what has gone wrong even in recent history. https://www.amazon.com/Ending-Medical-Reversal-Improving-Out... I’m hopeful one day that fat demonization will be formally reversed.
……最好有随机临床试验（在可行的情况下）作为后盾。如果没有，考虑去做一个。关于医疗逆转造成危害的证据，可以看看另一个帖子，也可以考虑读读作者之一 Adam Cifu 写的书《Ending Medical Reversal》。如果对这个话题感兴趣，还可以考虑在 Twitter 上关注他们（Adam Cifu、Vinay Prasad 等人）。
…backed by a randomized clinical trial (where possible) to support it. If not, consider doing one. For evidence of harms done by medical reversal, see the other thread as well as consider reading the book "Ending Medical Reversal" by one of the authors Adam Cifu. Also consider following them on twitter if this topic is of interest (Adam Cifu, Vinay Prasad et al).
FDA 新任首席医疗与科学主管 Vinay Prasad 是个极其理智的人，他也是 2013 年一本面向大众读者的循证医学好书（《Ending Medical Reversal》）的合著者。这里有一期 EconTalk 播客，另一位合著者 Adam Cifu 在里面聊了这本书：https://www.econtalk.org/adam-cifu-on-ending-medical-reversa... 《纽约时报》那篇文章把他的新冠疫苗政策……
Vinay Prasad, the new FDA chief medical and scientific director, is an extremely sensible guy and a co-author of a great 2013 book on evidence-based medicine targeting the lay audience (Ending Medical Reversal) Here's an EconTalk podcast with the other co-author, Adam Cifu, talking about the book. https://www.econtalk.org/adam-cifu-on-ending-medical-reversa... The NYT article presents his COVID vaccine policy…
……在医学上因为盲信观察性数据而非随机对照试验而犯错。现在担任 FDA CBER 主管的那位仁兄，写过一整本关于医疗逆转的书：https://www.amazon.com/Ending-Medical-Reversal-Improving-Out...
…in medicine due to believing observational data rather than randomized control trials. An entire book was written on Medical Reversal by the person who's now head of CBER at FDA: https://www.amazon.com/Ending-Medical-Reversal-Improving-Out...
这事挺棘手。在《Ending Medical Reversal》一书中，作者谈到了在饮食方面做对照研究有多困难，而且效应量（effect size）真的非常小。这倒不是说饮食无关紧要——只是很难获得好的……
Tricky. In a book called “Ending Medical Reversal” the authors talk about how difficult it is to run a controlled study on diet all, and how the effect sizes are really small. That’s not to say it doesn’t matter — just that it’s hard to get a good…