……有史以来。不幸的是，除了莎士比亚的作品外，关于这本书写出的垃圾内容（各种解读、批评）可能比其他任何书都多。如果你犹豫着不敢直接硬啃，我推荐纳博科夫的《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）（里面的讲课都很棒；讲《尤利西斯》的那篇能带你看清小说表层之下运转的隐秘机制）。
…all time. Unfortunately, there is probably more garbage (explication, criticism) written about this book than any other, outside of Shakespeare. If you're hesitant to just dive in, I recommend Nabokov's Lectures on Literature (all the lectures are great; the one on Ulysses shows you the hidden machinery turning under the surface of the novel).
……时代背景……哲学主题……存在主义主题……更广阔的历史和社会议题……”这种沉闷无趣的路数很可能会错失卡夫卡艺术的精髓。我推荐纳博科夫在《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）里讲《变形记》的那篇讲稿。
…context...philosophical themes...existential themes... broader historical and social issues...” This dreary approach is likely to miss the point of Kafka’s art. I recommend Nabokov’s lecture on the Metamorphosis in his Lectures on Literature.
……读点普鲁斯特吧，他的风格完全反其道而行，对抗现在流行的海明威式短促直接的句式，读起来相当让人耳目一新！顺便说一句，我是因为纳博科夫的《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）才开始读普鲁斯特的：http://www.amazon.com/Lectures-Literature-Vladimir-Nabokov/d... 我真心全方位安利。
…read some Proust as his style is completely against the current trend of short, direct sentences à la Hemingway, and that can be refreshing! By the way, I started reading Proust because of Nabokov's Lectures on Literature: http://www.amazon.com/Lectures-Literature-Vladimir-Nabokov/d... Which I recommend wholeheartedly.
……如果总想搞懂一切，你永远读不完，而且会备受打击。4. 听《尤利西斯》的时候，配合去读弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫在哈佛讲《尤利西斯》的讲稿。http://books.google.com/books/about/Lectures_on_Literature.h... 这是本绝妙的逐章伴读指南，能把那团乱麻理出头绪。5. 如果你想热身一下，先读《青年艺术家的画像》（Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man）。
…to understand everything you will never finish and become discouraged. 4. While you are listening to Ulysses, read Vladimir Nabokov's Harvard lectures on Ulysses. http://books.google.com/books/about/Lectures_on_Literature.h... This is a wonderful chapter-by-chapter companion that will make sense of the chaos. 5. If you want a warm up, read Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.
几十年前，纳博科夫在《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）里关于这个故事的文章中就提出过类似的观点。当然，纳博科夫探讨的方向要深入微妙得多。
Somewhat similar points were made, decades ago, by Nabokov in his essay on this story in his Lectures on Literature. Of course Nabokov goes, as well, in much deeper and subtler directions.
……在那次短暂阅读中很快讲完，而且解决了我遇到的很多问题。依我看（Imo），它在阅读虚构作品的技巧方面相当欠缺，而纳博科夫在他的《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）系列中在这个领域有一些非常深刻的洞见（虽然我承认自己才读了一小部分）。我偶然发现了一个经常参考的算法[0]，它是从艾德勒的书里衍生出来的，不妨顺便分享一下。0: https://pastebin.com/wGFMM1pZ
…quickly in that short read and addressed many problems I've encountered. Imo, it was rather lacking in the techniques for reading fiction, and Nabokov has some excellent insight in this domain in his "Lectures on Literature" series (which I have admittedly only yet read small portions of). There's an algorithm[0] I stumbled upon that I refer to often that was derived from Adler's book, might as well share it. 0: https://pastebin.com/wGFMM1pZ
……有史以来。不幸的是，除了莎士比亚的作品外，关于这本书写出的垃圾内容（各种解读、批评）可能比其他任何书都多。如果你犹豫着不敢直接硬啃，我推荐纳博科夫的《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）（里面的讲课都很棒；讲《尤利西斯》的那篇能带你看清小说表层之下运转的隐秘机制）。
…all time. Unfortunately, there is probably more garbage (explication, criticism) written about this book than any other, outside of Shakespeare. If you're hesitant to just dive in, I recommend Nabokov's Lectures on Literature (all the lectures are great; the one on Ulysses shows you the hidden machinery turning under the surface of the novel).
……时代背景……哲学主题……存在主义主题……更广阔的历史和社会议题……”这种沉闷无趣的路数很可能会错失卡夫卡艺术的精髓。我推荐纳博科夫在《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）里讲《变形记》的那篇讲稿。
…context...philosophical themes...existential themes... broader historical and social issues...” This dreary approach is likely to miss the point of Kafka’s art. I recommend Nabokov’s lecture on the Metamorphosis in his Lectures on Literature.
……读点普鲁斯特吧，他的风格完全反其道而行，对抗现在流行的海明威式短促直接的句式，读起来相当让人耳目一新！顺便说一句，我是因为纳博科夫的《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）才开始读普鲁斯特的：http://www.amazon.com/Lectures-Literature-Vladimir-Nabokov/d... 我真心全方位安利。
…read some Proust as his style is completely against the current trend of short, direct sentences à la Hemingway, and that can be refreshing! By the way, I started reading Proust because of Nabokov's Lectures on Literature: http://www.amazon.com/Lectures-Literature-Vladimir-Nabokov/d... Which I recommend wholeheartedly.
……如果总想搞懂一切，你永远读不完，而且会备受打击。4. 听《尤利西斯》的时候，配合去读弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫在哈佛讲《尤利西斯》的讲稿。http://books.google.com/books/about/Lectures_on_Literature.h... 这是本绝妙的逐章伴读指南，能把那团乱麻理出头绪。5. 如果你想热身一下，先读《青年艺术家的画像》（Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man）。
…to understand everything you will never finish and become discouraged. 4. While you are listening to Ulysses, read Vladimir Nabokov's Harvard lectures on Ulysses. http://books.google.com/books/about/Lectures_on_Literature.h... This is a wonderful chapter-by-chapter companion that will make sense of the chaos. 5. If you want a warm up, read Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.
几十年前，纳博科夫在《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）里关于这个故事的文章中就提出过类似的观点。当然，纳博科夫探讨的方向要深入微妙得多。
Somewhat similar points were made, decades ago, by Nabokov in his essay on this story in his Lectures on Literature. Of course Nabokov goes, as well, in much deeper and subtler directions.
……在那次短暂阅读中很快讲完，而且解决了我遇到的很多问题。依我看（Imo），它在阅读虚构作品的技巧方面相当欠缺，而纳博科夫在他的《文学讲稿》（Lectures on Literature）系列中在这个领域有一些非常深刻的洞见（虽然我承认自己才读了一小部分）。我偶然发现了一个经常参考的算法[0]，它是从艾德勒的书里衍生出来的，不妨顺便分享一下。0: https://pastebin.com/wGFMM1pZ
…quickly in that short read and addressed many problems I've encountered. Imo, it was rather lacking in the techniques for reading fiction, and Nabokov has some excellent insight in this domain in his "Lectures on Literature" series (which I have admittedly only yet read small portions of). There's an algorithm[0] I stumbled upon that I refer to often that was derived from Adler's book, might as well share it. 0: https://pastebin.com/wGFMM1pZ