概率的诞生
The Emergence of Probability
Ian Hacking · 初版 1975 年
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“历史文献表明，尽管骰子和其他随机物品的使用十分普遍，但在 17 世纪中叶之前，欧洲并不存在真正的概率概念。Ian Hacking 在此对关于概率、归纳和统计推断的早期思想，以及这门新兴思想家族在 15、16 和 17 世纪的发展进行了哲学批判。当时的争论主要围绕 Pascal、Leibniz 和 Jacques Bernoulli 等人物展开。”——封套文案。
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只是想提醒一下，Ian Hacking 的著作，尤其是《The Emergence of Probability》（1975）和《The Taming of Chance》（1990），在这方面写得极好。读起来有时晦涩烧脑，但文笔绝佳，而且出自一个极具原创性的头脑。后一本书在维基百科上还有一个词条，包含一些……
Just wanted to flag that the works of Ian Hacking, especially The Emergence of Probability (1975) and The Taming of Chance (1990) are excellent on this. Dense and challenging at times but also well written and the product of a very original mind. The latter book has a Wikipedia page with some…
……这本书数学味很浓：https://archive.org/details/ofmathemahistory00todhrich。Ian Hacking 有两本书，他是哲学家，因此视野更宽广：《The Taming of Chance》和《The Emergence of Probability》。Stephen Stigler 的《The History of Statistics》似乎是流传最广的统计学史著作。
…book, fairly mathematical: https://archive.org/details/ofmathemahistory00todhrich Ian Hacking has two books, he is a philosopher, accordingly they have a broader outlook: "The Taming of Chance" "The Emergence of Probability" Stephen Stigler's "The History of Statistics" seems to be the most popular history of statistics.
……概率的数学体系才开始萌芽。随着大数定律的出现，这套数学体系得以与现实世界中可观察到的发生频率联系起来。（Ian Hacking 的书《The Emergence of Probability》是一本标准参考文献，http://www.jstor.org/stable/2184357?seq=1#page_scan_tab_cont...）设想一下，如果摆在你面前的是一串随机数，而你没有任何理解它或处理它的数学框架……
…a mathematics for probability started to emerge. With the emergence of the laws of large numbers, this mathematics could be linked to observable real-world occurrence rates. (Ian Hacking's book "The Emergence of Probability" is a standard reference, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2184357?seq=1#page_scan_tab_cont...) Suppose you were confronted with a stream of random numbers, and no intellectual or mathematical framework for…