数的普遍历史
The Universal History of Numbers
Georges Ifrah · 初版 2000 年
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一部引人入胜的记数与计算演进史，横跨穴居人时代至二十世纪末期，The Universal History of Numbers 是第一部关于全球数字发明与演变的完整著作。当世界各地的不同文明苦苦应对农耕丰歉、工程建筑、国民教育以及探索科学奥秘的难题时，各个文明都开创出了独属于自己的美妙数学体系。被称为“数字界的印第安纳·琼斯”的 Georges Ifrah 历时十年周游世界，去发掘那些鲜为人知的细节
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有人能推荐几本关于跨文化数学史的书吗？我找到了这几本：1) Georges Ifrah 的《Universal History of Numbers》（数字的万物史），http://www.amazon.com/Universal-History-Numbers-Prehistory-I... “第一部完整讲述全世界数字发明与演变的著作……被称为‘数字界的印第安纳·琼斯’的 Georges……
Can anyone recommend books on the cross-cultural history of mathematics? I've found these: 1) Georges Ifrah, "Universal History of Numbers", http://www.amazon.com/Universal-History-Numbers-Prehistory-I... "the first complete account of the invention and evolution of numbers the world over ... Dubbed the "Indiana Jones of numbers," Georges…
……Calter 在书中不仅融入了正规几何课程的基础课程与讲解，还将一套完整的经典课程体系（基于演绎推理）穿插交织在其中” 4) Georges Ifrah 的《Universal History of Numbers》，http://www.amazon.com/Universal-History-Numbers-Prehistory-I... “第一部完整讲述全世界数字发明与演变的著作……被称为‘数字界的印第安纳·琼斯’的 Georges……
…Calter includes the basic lessons and explanations of a regular Geometry course in his book, but then he interweaves an integrated classical curriculum (based on deductive reasoning)" 4) Georges Ifrah, "Universal History of Numbers", http://www.amazon.com/Universal-History-Numbers-Prehistory-I... "the first complete account of the invention and evolution of numbers the world over ... Dubbed the "Indiana Jones of numbers," Georges…
Georges Ifrah 的《The Universal History of Numbers》一书详细介绍了来自诸多文明的大量细节。其中有些内容探讨得极其深入。
The book 'The Universal History of Numbers' by Georges Ifrah has a vast amount of detail on this from many civilisaitons. Some of it in incredible depth.
……对数字系统这个通用主题感兴趣的话，推荐 Menninger 的经典著作《Number Words and Number Symbols》。或者你也可以看看 Chrisomalis 的另一本书《Numerical Notation》。再或者 Ifrah 的《The Universal History of Numbers》。如果你想了解中世纪欧洲的算盘/算筹板，可以查查 Barnard (1916) 的《The Casting-Counter and the Counting-Board》。关于希腊人使用筹码的一篇很妙的论文是 Netz (2002) 的《Counter Culture》……
…interested in the general topic of number systems let me recommend Menninger’s classic book Number Words and Number Symbols. Or you could try Chrisomalis’s other book Numerical Notation. Or Ifrah, The Universal History of Numbers. If you want to know about medieval European counting boards, look up Barnard (1916) The Casting-Counter and the Counting-Board. A neat paper about Greek use of tokens is Netz (2002) “Counter Culture”…
Georges Ifrah 在《The Universal History of Numbers》里讨论过这个问题。你最好自己去翻翻书，因为我读这本书已经是很久以前的事了，不过他解释说大多数人都是 3 个 3 个地数，有时是 2 个 2 个地数，极少数情况下是 4 个 4 个地数。只有极少数极为罕见的情况下……
This is discussed in The Universal History of Numbers, by Georges Ifrah. You better check the book, because it has been a long time since I read it, but he explained that most people counts 3 by 3, sometimes 2 by 2, and exceptionally 4 by 4. Only very exceptionally…
我面前放着一本 Georges Ifrah 写的很棒的书，叫《From One to Zero: a universal history of numbers》。第 9 章，罗马数字：原始起源的遗迹？开头是这样的：—————————— I V X L C D M 它们显然是罗马字母，但这并不意味着……
I have a wonderful book in front of me called “From One to Zero: a universal history of numbers” by georges ifrah. chapter 9, roman numerals: a vestige of primitive origins? starts like this: —————————— I V X L C D M They are obviously letters of the roman alphabet, but this does not mean…