…unlikely that early voyages reached any further south along the coast of West Africa. During Roman times there were indeed canals to the Red Sea [3] and a robust international trade system as outlined in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea [4]. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Bojador [2] http://www.simonwinchester.com/atlantic [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_of_the_Pharaohs [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea
…to the Mediterranean Sea. The question is how early the Canal of the Pharaohs was operational. The shipworms may actual help set this date. I wonder if a Phoenician equivalent of the Roman/Byzantine Periplus of the Erythraean Sea existed in Carthage and was lost after the Third Punic War.
…is the Periplus of the Erythrean Sea, a circa 1st century Greco-Roman sea travel log detailing a trading route from Red Sea ports to the Indian and East African coasts: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea
……早期的航行不太可能沿着西非海岸走到更南边了。罗马时代确实存在通往红海的运河[3]，并且拥有一套成熟的国际贸易体系，正如《厄立特里亚海航行记》[4]中所描绘的那样。[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Bojador [2] http://www.simonwinchester.com/atlantic [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_of_the_Pharaohs [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea
…unlikely that early voyages reached any further south along the coast of West Africa. During Roman times there were indeed canals to the Red Sea [3] and a robust international trade system as outlined in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea [4]. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Bojador [2] http://www.simonwinchester.com/atlantic [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canal_of_the_Pharaohs [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea
……通往地中海。问题在于法老运河到底多早就投入使用了。船蛆其实可能有助于确定这个时间点。我很好奇迦太基是否存在过类似罗马/拜占庭《厄立特里亚海航行记》的腓尼基版本，只是在第三次布匿战争后遗失了。
…to the Mediterranean Sea. The question is how early the Canal of the Pharaohs was operational. The shipworms may actual help set this date. I wonder if a Phoenician equivalent of the Roman/Byzantine Periplus of the Erythraean Sea existed in Carthage and was lost after the Third Punic War.
……就是《厄立特里亚海航行记》，一份约公元1世纪的希腊-罗马海上航行日志，详细记录了一条从红海港口通往印度和东非海岸的贸易路线：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea
…is the Periplus of the Erythrean Sea, a circa 1st century Greco-Roman sea travel log detailing a trading route from Red Sea ports to the Indian and East African coasts: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea