失落的共和国
Republic, lost
Lawrence Lessig · 初版 2011 年
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为什么值得读
- 剖析政治献金如何削弱普通选民的真实意愿
- 提出提高公职待遇以防监管俘获的反直觉观点
- 深入调查资本利益游说对国会机制的扭曲
在一个特殊利益集团向我们的政府输送巨额资金的时代——这种现象由竞选资金规则的变化所推动，并在最高法院对 Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission 一案的判决中被推向了新的高度——公众对我们政府的信任降到了历史最低点。美国人比以往任何时候都更坚信金钱能够买通国会的决议，商业利益掌控着我们的立法机构。带着发自肺腑的紧迫感和拨乱反正的强烈渴望，哈佛大学法学教授 Lawrence Lessig 清醒地审视了我们究竟是如何陷入这场危机的：从根本上说
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关于如何防止这种情况，我见过一个有趣且反直觉的论点，出自劳伦斯·莱斯格（Lawrence Lessig）谈美国国会的那本书《失去的共和国》（Republic, Lost）。他的看法是，公职人员的收入实际上太低了，相比于私营部门的同行而言，而防止监管俘获（regulatory capture）的一个重要步骤……
one interesting, counterintuitive argument i've seen on how to prevent this is in lawrence lessig's book, "republic, lost" about the us congress. his take is that public servants actually don't make enough money, when compared to their peers in the public sector, and that an important step to preventing regulatory capture…
……莱斯格（就是凭一己之力设计了知识共享 Creative Commons 的那位）过去 4 年一直在调查如何“制止这种勾结分赃”，并在他的书中总结了自己的思考：http://www.amazon.com/Republic-Lost-Money-Corrupts-Congress/... 如果你想知道该怎么做，买本《失去的共和国》（Republic, Lost）读读会是个不错的开始。
…Lessig (the same guy who single-handedly designed Creative Commons) has spent the last 4 years investigating how to "stop this racket", and summarizes his thoughts in this book: http://www.amazon.com/Republic-Lost-Money-Corrupts-Congress/... If you want to know what to do, a nice first step would be to buy and read Republic, Lost.
……几乎能为对未来的任何论断进行辩护，以至于因果逻辑都不复存在了。如果你真想了解金钱利益是如何腐蚀美国政府的，你应该读读劳伦斯·莱斯格的《失去的共和国》（Republic, Lost）http://www.indiebound.org/book/9780446576437
…defend literally any claim about the future, to the point where effects no longer have causes. If you really want to learn about how moneyed interests have corrupted the US government, you should read _Republic, Lost_ by Lawrence Lessig http://www.indiebound.org/book/9780446576437
……厄休拉·勒古恩的《一无所有》（The Dispossessed）——极大地影响了我对政治制度的看法 理查德·道金斯的《自私的基因》（The Selfish Gene）——改变了我对动物行为以及生命体运作方式的看法 劳伦斯·莱斯格的《失去的共和国》（Republic, Lost）——深刻影响了我对美国政府的认知 赫尔曼和乔姆斯基的《制造共识》（Manufacturing Consent）——让我重新反思了自己对媒体和新闻的看法
…Dispossessed by Ursula K. LeGuin - strongly influenced my beliefs about political systems The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins - changed how I thought about animal behavior and what living things do Republic, Lost by Lawrence Lessig - strongly influenced my beliefs about US government Manufacturing Consent by Herman & Chomsky - made me rethink my view of the media and news
……为什么不能冒出一个新党派呢？这是体制本身造成的，还是因为“人民的意志”？我真的由衷觉得这根本不成问题。我建议你读读劳伦斯·莱斯格的《失去的共和国》（Republic, Lost）[1]——书中讲述了竞选资金背后的巨额资本是如何让普通大众误以为自己是按自身意志选择政治家的，而事实证明根本不是这么回事。实际上……
…Why can't a new party come up? Is it due to the system itself or the "will of the people"? I honestly and genuinely don't think that's much of a question. I encourage you to read Lawrence Lessig's "Republic, Lost"[1] - which talks about how the big money behind campaign financing makes average Joe's feel as if they're choosing a politician based on their will, which turns out to not really be the case. Rather,…
……如此循环往复，进行着一场敲诈勒索的拉锯战。到了这个地步，国会存在的目的就是通过各种能增加政治捐款的法律，好让他们能够连任。莱斯格在《失去的共和国》（Republic, Lost）里把这事儿阐述得相当透彻。
…so on and so forth, in a to and fro of extortion. At this point, the purpose of Congress is to pass laws that increase donations so that they can be reelected. Lessig puts the case fairly clearly in Republic, Lost.