伯罗奔尼撒战争史
History of the Peloponnesian War
Thucydides · 初版 -400 年
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为什么值得读
- 直接阅读一手史料而非道听途说的二手续作
- 展现历史学诞生的原貌与古典城邦争霸
- 为反思直接民主与城邦兴衰提供深刻教训
本书写于基督诞生前四百年，详尽记述了雅典与斯巴达之间旷日持久的生死博弈，极具说服力地兑现了作者当年的宏大抱负。修昔底德本人（约公元前460—400年）是雅典人，曾在战争初期官至将军。此后，他以对精准性的热忱和对神话虚构的摒弃，编纂了这部关于这场灾难性冲突的真实记录。
Hacker News 上怎么说
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……孙子的《战争论》（香巴拉经典丛书）11. 尼可罗·马基雅维利的《君主论》（矮脚鸡经典）12. 约尔根·W·威布尔的《演化博弈论》13. 毛泽东的《论游击战》14. 修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史：修订版》（企鹅经典）15. 希罗多德的《历史》（企鹅经典）16. 色诺芬的《长征记》（企鹅经典）17. 普鲁塔克的《希腊罗马名人传》……
…of War (Shambhala classics) by Sun Tzu 11. The Prince (Bantam Classics) by Niccolo Machiavelli 12. Evolutionary Game Theory by Jörgen W. Weibull 13. On Guerrilla Warfare by Mao Tse-tung 14. The History of the Peloponnesian War: Revised Edition (Penguin Classics) by Thucydides 15. The Histories (Penguin Classics) by Herodotus 16. The Persian Expedition (Penguin Classics) by Xenophon 17. Plutarch: Lives of Noble Grecians…
……别人的二手观点，为什么不直接去读原始历史史料呢？比如：色诺芬的《斯巴达与雅典政制》https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1178；修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/7142；希罗多德的《历史》https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2707（第一卷）https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2456（第二卷）；普鲁塔克的《论斯巴达》……
…person's opinion, second-hand, why not read the original historical sources? For example: The Polity of the Athenians and the Lacedaemonians, by Xenophon https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1178 The History of the Peloponnesian War, by Thucydides https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/7142 History, by Herodotus https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2707 (Volume 1) https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2456 (Volume 2) On Sparta, by Plutarch…
从时间顺序来看，修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》读起来最顺理成章。它展现了战局从希波冲突向雅典与斯巴达对决的转变。你可以拿普鲁塔克的《名人传》对照着读（parallel 也算是双关了），纯粹当娱乐看就很棒。
Chronologically, The History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides makes most sense. It's a shift from the Greek-Persian conflict to Athens vs. Sparta. You can read Plutarch's Lives in parallel (no pun intended), it's pure entertainment.
……《罗马人传》，表面上是挑几对希腊人和罗马人做性格对比，但同时也为你打开了了解他们所处历史时代的窗口；另外虽然不算罗马史，修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》也很棒。如果想轻松一点，我在 Hacker News 上见人提过好几次 Dan Carlin 的 Hardcore History 播客系列，听了之后非常推荐。里面有两期讲罗马的系列极佳，布匿战争……
…Romans, which is nominally about comparing the characters of selected pairs of Greeks and Romans, but gives you windows into the historical times they lived in as well, and though not Roman, Thucydides's History of the Peloponnesian War. For a lighter treatment, I listened to and would recommend Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcast series after seeing it mentioned on Hacker News several times. There's two great series about Rome, Punic…
……它们都非常值得一读，我个人推荐：荷马史诗加上几部希腊戏剧；读一点故事大师希罗多德的作品，接着读修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》来体会史学研究的诞生，这本书本身也极其有趣且重要（想知道为什么美国国父们不喜欢直接民主吗？书里有非常深刻的客观教训）。柏拉图和亚里士多德当然也值得……
…of them are very much worth reading, I personally would recommend: Homer and a few Greek plays Sample a bit of the great story teller Herodotus, then read the birth of historiography in Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War, which by itself is also very interesting and important (wonder why the Founder of the US didn't like direct democracy? There are very important object lessons in it). Surely Plato and Aristotle deserve…
老一点的书：圣经/古兰经、柏拉图《理想国》、卢梭《社会契约论》、老子《道德经》、陀思妥耶夫斯基《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》、修昔底德《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》。新一点的书：塞林格《九故事》、毛姆《刀锋》、萨特《恶心》、黑塞《悉达多》、哈耶克《通往奴役之路》、瓦茨《无量之书》、诺曼《设计心理学》、阿特拉斯……
Older Stuff: The Bible/Quran, The Republic (Plato), The Social Contract (Rousseau), Tao Te Ching (Laozi), Brothers Karamazov (Dostoevsky), History of the Peloponnesian War (Thucydides) Newer Stuff: Nine Stories (Salinger), The Razor's Edge (Maugham), Nausea (Sartre), Siddartha (Hesse), Road to Serfdom (Hayek), The Book (Watts), Design of Everyday Things (Norman), Atlas…