1. 《富裕的杠杆》（The Lever of Riches），Joel Mokyr 著 2. 《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》（Guns Germs and Steel），Jared Diamond 著 3. 《告别施舍》（A Farewell to Alms），Gregory Clark 著 4. 《权力与繁荣》（Power and Prosperity），Mancur Olsen 著 5. 《屠杀与文化》（Carnage and Culture），Victor Davis Hanson 著 6. 《资本理念》（Capital Ideas），Peter Bernstein 著 7. 《测地网络》（The Geodesic Network），Peter Huber 著
1. The Lever of Riches, by Joel Mokyr 2. Guns Germs and Steel, by Jared Diamond 3. A Farewell to Alms, by Gregory Clark 4. Power and Prosperity, by Mancur Olsen 5. Carnage and Culture, Victor Davis Hanson 6. Capital Ideas, by Peter Bernstein 7. The Geodesic Network, by Peter Huber
……无论在经济还是制度层面都最为失灵。这本书对刚果的历史做了很好的概述，并解释了为什么这些问题会如此根深蒂固。曼瑟尔·奥尔森的《国家的兴衰》（The Rise and Decline of Nations）以及《权力与繁荣：超越共产主义与资本主义独裁》（Power and Prosperity: Outgrowing Communist and Capitalist Dictatorships）。为什么有些国家能发展成为相对自由、相对富裕的国家，而另一些国家却在永无休止的冲突和……中停滞不前？
…least functional in terms of economics and institutions. This book gives a good overview of the history of Congo and explains why the problems are so deeply rooted. The Rise and Decline of Nations and Power and Prosperity: Outgrowing Communist and Capitalist Dictatorships, both by Mancur Olson. Why do some nations develop into relatively free, relatively rich countries, while others stagnate in perpetual conflict and…
……一套不合理的扣除项，就像完全可能存在一个零扣除的累进税制一样。至于温特斯的那本书（我还没读过），听起来像是奥尔森《权力与繁荣》（Power and Prosperity）的一个更悲观的版本。奥尔森的核心观点是：所有形式的安全机制都涉及当权者向民众榨取钱财，但相比流寇，国王劫掠的动机更小，保护民众的动机更大……
…irrational set of deductions, just as it's possible to have a progressive tax system with zero deductions. As for Winters' book, which I haven't read, it sounds like a more pessimistic version of Olson's Power and Prosperity, which essentially argued that all forms of security arrangement involved those with power extracting money from people, but kings had less incentive to pillage and more incentive to protect than bandits,…
你可能会对曼瑟尔·奥尔森在《权力与繁荣》（Power and Prosperity）中阐述的“定居强盗”（Stationary Bandits）假说感兴趣。
You might be interested in Mancur Olson's Stationary Bandits hypothesis which he expounds in Power and Prosperity.
1. 《富裕的杠杆》（The Lever of Riches），Joel Mokyr 著 2. 《枪炮、病菌与钢铁》（Guns Germs and Steel），Jared Diamond 著 3. 《告别施舍》（A Farewell to Alms），Gregory Clark 著 4. 《权力与繁荣》（Power and Prosperity），Mancur Olsen 著 5. 《屠杀与文化》（Carnage and Culture），Victor Davis Hanson 著 6. 《资本理念》（Capital Ideas），Peter Bernstein 著 7. 《测地网络》（The Geodesic Network），Peter Huber 著
1. The Lever of Riches, by Joel Mokyr 2. Guns Germs and Steel, by Jared Diamond 3. A Farewell to Alms, by Gregory Clark 4. Power and Prosperity, by Mancur Olsen 5. Carnage and Culture, Victor Davis Hanson 6. Capital Ideas, by Peter Bernstein 7. The Geodesic Network, by Peter Huber
……无论在经济还是制度层面都最为失灵。这本书对刚果的历史做了很好的概述，并解释了为什么这些问题会如此根深蒂固。曼瑟尔·奥尔森的《国家的兴衰》（The Rise and Decline of Nations）以及《权力与繁荣：超越共产主义与资本主义独裁》（Power and Prosperity: Outgrowing Communist and Capitalist Dictatorships）。为什么有些国家能发展成为相对自由、相对富裕的国家，而另一些国家却在永无休止的冲突和……中停滞不前？
…least functional in terms of economics and institutions. This book gives a good overview of the history of Congo and explains why the problems are so deeply rooted. The Rise and Decline of Nations and Power and Prosperity: Outgrowing Communist and Capitalist Dictatorships, both by Mancur Olson. Why do some nations develop into relatively free, relatively rich countries, while others stagnate in perpetual conflict and…
……一套不合理的扣除项，就像完全可能存在一个零扣除的累进税制一样。至于温特斯的那本书（我还没读过），听起来像是奥尔森《权力与繁荣》（Power and Prosperity）的一个更悲观的版本。奥尔森的核心观点是：所有形式的安全机制都涉及当权者向民众榨取钱财，但相比流寇，国王劫掠的动机更小，保护民众的动机更大……
…irrational set of deductions, just as it's possible to have a progressive tax system with zero deductions. As for Winters' book, which I haven't read, it sounds like a more pessimistic version of Olson's Power and Prosperity, which essentially argued that all forms of security arrangement involved those with power extracting money from people, but kings had less incentive to pillage and more incentive to protect than bandits,…