疯癫与文明
History of madness
Michel Foucault · 初版 2006 年
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1961年，当该书以《Folie et Déraison: Histoire de la Folie à l'âge Classique》之名在法国初次出版时，几乎无人知晓 Michel Foucault 这位年仅三十四岁的哲学家。而到了1967年以《Madness and Civilization》为名出版英文节录本时，Michel Foucault 已经震撼了整个知识界。本译本是第一版和第二版完整法文文本的首个英译全本，收录了全部序言和附录，其中部分内容在现存的法文版本中已无从寻觅。《History of Madness》从充满生动描绘的中世纪开篇
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……很激进，刚开始不容易接受（尤其是从英美教学法的视角来看），但此人拥有的学术思考水平和独创性令人肃然起敬。他的博士论文《疯狂史》至今读来依然令人赞叹，切实道出了文化/社会概念和范畴往往具有极高的可塑性和历史偶然性。
…radical and not easy to contend with at first (especially from the perspective of anglo-american pedagogy), but the level of scholarly thinking and ingenuity the man possessed are awe-inducing. His thesis History of Madness is still an incredible read and really drives home the often great degree of malleability and historical contingency of cultural/social concepts and categories.
……干预的本质是改进——对病人的改进，通过把他们关押起来实现对社会的改进，等等。一个人完全可以怀着行善的愿望，却依然制造着难以言表的残酷和伤害。令人震惊的是，文中竟然没提福柯的《疯狂史》，我非常喜欢这本书，如果你跟我一样对这个话题感兴趣，它绝对值得一读。福柯说，这些机构最初主要是作为一种道德范畴出现的，而禁闭是一种孤立……
…interventions is improvement - of the patient, of society by their confinement, and so on. One can desire to do good and still perpetuate unspeakable cruelty and harm. Shockingly, no mention of Foucault's "History of Madness", which I love and is well worth reading if you are as interested in this subject as I. Foucault says these institutions began primarily as a moral category, and that confinement was a way to isolate…
……对这个话题真感兴趣的话（即随着西方社会自身的发展，它们是如何对待“疯子”的），我推荐米歇尔·福柯的《疯癫与文明》，后来出版时叫《疯狂史》。这是一本很厚的大部头，坦白讲我只读了大概三分之二，但它确实让我大开眼界，看清了人们对“精神正常”的定义是如何随着时间发生变化的。https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madness_and_Civilization
…really interested in this subject (how western societies treat the "insane" as the societies themselves evolve) I would recommend Michel Foucault's "Madness and Civilization", more recently published as "History of Madness". It's a very long book and I must confess I only got through about two thirds of it, but it certainly opened my eyes into how definitions of what it meant to be "sane" have changed over time. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madness_and_Civilization
一篇关于疯癫在社会中的地位/角色/背景的文章，居然没提福柯的著作？发表于我出生的那一年（1961年），我宁愿相信这纯属巧合……福柯著，《疯狂史》（History of Madness）。Khalfa J 编订、翻译，Murphy J 翻译。纽约：Routledge；2006年。ISBN 0-415-27701-9。
An article about the status/role/context of insanity and society which doesn't mention Foucault's work? Published in the year of my birth (1961), which I like to think is a coincidence... Foucault M. History of Madness. Khalfa J, editor, translator & Murphy J, translator. New York: Routledge; 2006. ISBN 0-415-27701-9.
借鉴一点福柯《疯狂史》里的观点或许会有帮助。贴标签除了纯粹描述性的认知之外，还会产生什么影响？在“疯癫”与“不疯”之间是否存在意识形态的冲突？我脑海中浮现的最简单的例子就是歇斯底里（癔症）。我们可以……
It might help to borrow a smidge from Foucault's History of Madness. What impact does labelling have beyond a purely descriptive belief? Is there an ideological conflict between what is mad and what is not? The simplest example that comes to mind is hysteria. We can…